In Vermont, Compound Laws tracks 19 compounds: 4 legal to sell at retail, 2 restricted, 0 in a gray area, 8 illegal, and 5 whose status varies by product form. Verified through October 22, 2026.
c6f707ea9b84197e§ 4201. Definitions As used in this chapter: “Professional board” means: (A) in the case of a dentist, the State Board of Dental Examiners so designated under 26 V.S.A. chapter 12; (B) in the case of a physician or surgeon, the State Board of Medical Practice so designated under 26 V.S.A. chapter 23; (C) in the case of an osteopath, the State Board of Osteopathic Examination and Registration so designated under 26 V.S.A. chapter 33; (D) in the case of a nurse, the Vermont State Board of Nursing so designated under 26 V.S.A. chapter 28; (E) in the case of a pharmacist or pharmacy, the State Board of Pharmacy so designated under 26 V.S.A. chapter 36; (F) in the case of a veterinarian, the State Veterinary Board so designated under 26 V.S.A. chapter 44; (G) in the case of a hospital, laboratory, or nursing home, the Commissioner of Health so designated under chapter 3 of this title. (2) [Repealed.] (3) “Board of Pharmacy” means the State Board of Pharmacy so designated under 26 V.S.A. chapter 36. (4) “Certificate” means a certificate of approval issued to a hospital, laboratory, or nursing home under section 4207 of this title. (5) “Dentist” means a person authorized by law to practice dentistry in this State and who has a license issued to the person under this chapter authorizing him or her to use regulated drugs in connection with his or her professional practice. (6) “Depressant or stimulant drug” means: (A) any drug that contains any quantity of barbituric acid or any of the salts of barbituric acid, or any derivative of barbituric acid, that is designated as habit-forming because of its effect on the central nervous system in the rules adopted by the Department of Health under section 4202 of this title; (B) any drug, other than methamphetamine, that contains any quantity of amphetamine or any of its optical isomers, any salt or amphetamine or any salt of an optical isomer of amphetamine, that the Department of Health so designates by such rule as habit-forming because of its effect on the central nervous system; (C) gamma hydroxybutyric acid, including its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers; (D) gamma butyrolactone, including 4-butyrolactone and gamma hydroxybutyric acid lactone, including its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers, when packaged, marketed, manufactured, or intended for human consumption; (E) ketamine, including its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers; (F) flunitrazepam, including its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers; and (G) any drug, other than methamphetamine, that contains any quantity of a substance that the Department of Health so designates by such rule as having a serious potential for abuse arising out of its effect on the central nervous system. (7) “Dispense” includes distribute, leave with, give away, dispose of, or deliver. (8) “Exempt officials” includes officials of the United States, insular possessions, territories, the District of Columbia, state, and political subdivisions. (9) “Federal drug laws” means the laws of the United States relating to one or more of those drugs which are defined in this chapter as regulated drugs. (10) “Hallucinogenic drugs” means stramonium, mescaline or peyote, lysergic acid diethylamide, and psilocybin, and all synthetic equivalents of chemicals contained in resinous extractives of Cannabis sativa, or any salts or derivatives or compounds of any preparations or mixtures thereof, and any other substance that is designated as habit-forming or as having a serious potential for abuse arising out of its effect on the central nervous system or its hallucinogenic effect in the rules adopted by the Department of Health under section 4202 of this title. (11) “Hospital” means an institution for the care and treatment of the sick and injured licensed as a hospital under chapter 43 of this title and a hospital conducted, maintained, and operated by the United States or the State of Vermont, approved under this chapter as proper to be entrusted with the custody and use of regulated drugs under the direction of a physician or dentist, confirmed by an official written order signed by a person authorized to prescribe such drugs. (12) “Laboratory” means a laboratory approved under this chapter as proper to be entrusted with the custody and use of regulated drugs for scientific and medical purposes and for purposes of instruction. (13) “License” means a license to practice their profession issued to one of those persons listed in subdivisions (1)(A) through (F) of this section by the person’s respective professional board under the applicable laws of this State, or a license issued by the Department of Health under section 4206 of this title to a person not subject to the jurisdiction of any such professional board. (14) “Manufacturer” means a person authorized by law to manufacture, bottle, or pack drugs in this State and who has a license issued to the person under this chapter to compound, mix, cultivate, produce, or prepare regulated drugs, but does not include a pharmacy that compounds such drugs to be sold or dispensed on prescriptions at retail. (15)(A) “Cannabis” means all parts of the plant Cannabis sativa L., except as provided by subdivision (B) of this subdivision (15), whether growing or harvested, and includes: (i) the seeds of the plant; (ii) the resin extracted from any part of the plant; and (iii) any compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the plant, its seeds, or resin. (B) “Cannabis” does not include: (i) the mature stalks of the plant and fiber produced from the stalks; (ii) oil or cake made from the seeds of the plant; (iii) any compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the mature stalks, fiber, oil, or cake; (iv) the sterilized seed of the plant that is incapable of germination; or (v) hemp or hemp products, as defined in 6 V.S.A. § 562. (16) “Narcotic,” “narcotics,” or “narcotic drugs” means opium, coca leaves, pethidine (isonipecaine, meperidine), and opiates or their compound, manufacture, salt, alkaloid, or derivative, and every substance neither chemically nor physically distinguishable from them, and preparations containing such drugs or their derivatives, by whatever trade name identified and whether produced directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of vegetable origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis, as the same are so designated in the rules adopted by the Department of Health under section 4202 of this title. (17) “Nurse” means any person authorized by law to practice nursing in this State. (18) “Nursing home” means a facility, other than a hospital, operated for the purpose of providing lodging, board, and nursing care to persons who are sick, have an infirmity or disability, or are convalescing, approved under this chapter as proper to be entrusted with the custody and use of regulated drugs prescribed for such individual patients under its care under the direction of a physician or dentist, confirmed by an official written order signed by a person authorized to prescribe such drugs. No nursing home shall be granted a certificate of approval for the possession and use of such drugs unless such nursing home has a registered nurse or a licensed practical nurse on duty or on call 24 hours daily who will have sole responsibility for those drugs. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as conferring on any nursing home, convalescent home, or home for the aged any authority, right, or privilege beyond that granted to it by the law under which it is licensed or otherwise authorized to function. (19) “Official written order” means an order written on a form prescribed for that purpose by the U.S. Commissioner of Narcotics and issued by the U.S. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, under any laws of the United States making provision therefor, if such order forms are authorized and required by federal law, and if no such order form is provided, then on an official form provided for that purpose by the Commissioner of Health. (20) “Person” includes an individual, partnership, corporation, association, trust, or other institution or entity. (21) “Pharmacist” means any person authorized by law to practice pharmacy in this State; but nothing in this chapter shall be construed as conferring on a person any authority, right, or privilege that is not granted to him or her by the pharmacy laws of his or her state. (22) “Pharmacy” means any place registered as such by the Board of Pharmacy in which drugs, prescriptions, or poisons are possessed for the purpose of compounding, dispensing, or retailing, or in which drugs, prescriptions, or poisons are compounded, dispensed, or retailed, or in which such drugs, prescriptions, or poisons are by advertising or otherwise offered for sale at retail and which has a license issued to it under this chapter authorizing the retail dealing of regulated drugs. (23) “Physician” means a person authorized by law to practice medicine in this State and who has a license issued to the person under this chapter authorizing him or her to use regulated drugs in connection with his or her professional practice. (24) “Practitioner” includes a physician, dentist, veterinarian, surgeon, or any other person who may be lawfully entitled under this chapter to distribute, dispense, prescribe, or administer regulated drugs to patients. (25) “Prescribe” means an order for a patient made or given by a practitioner. (26) “Prescription” means an order for a regulated drug made by a physician, physician assistant, advanced practice registered nurse, dentist, or veterinarian licensed under this chapter to prescribe such a drug which shall be in writing except as otherwise specified in this subdivision. Prescriptions for such drugs shall be made to the order of an individual patient, dated as of the day of issue and signed by the prescriber. The prescription shall bear the full name, address, and date of birth of the patient, or if the patient is an animal, the name and address of the owner of the animal and the species of the animal. Such prescription shall also bear the full name, address, and registry number of the prescriber and, unless electronically prescribed, shall be written with ink, indelible pencil, or typewriter; if typewritten, it shall be signed by the prescriber. A written or typewritten prescription for a controlled substance, as defined in 21 C.F.R. Part 1308, shall contain the quantity of the drug written both in numeric and word form. If a prescription is communicated orally, it shall be reduced promptly to writing by the pharmacist. Nothing in this subdivision is meant to authorize the oral communication of a prescription when a written prescription is otherwise required. (27) “Registration” means the annual registration of licenses and certificates under this chapter. (28) “Registry number” means the number assigned under rules adopted by the Department of Health to each person authorized under this chapter to use, prescribe, dispense, possess, or administer a regulated drug in connection with his or her professional practice. (29) “Regulated drug” means: (A) a narcotic drug; (B) a depressant or stimulant drug, other than methamphetamine; (C) a hallucinogenic drug; (D) Ecstasy; (E) cannabis; (F) methamphetamine; or (G) xylazine. (30) “Sale” means transfer for a consideration or barter or exchange or an offer or express or implied promise to transfer for a consideration or barter or exchange, and each such transaction made by any person, whether as principal, proprietor, agent, servant, or employee. (31) “Veterinarian” means a person authorized by law to practice veterinary medicine in this State and who has a license issued to the person under this chapter authorizing him or her to use regulated drugs in connection with his or her professional practice. (32) “Veterinary hospital” means an institution equipped with the technical facilities and professional and technical personnel necessary for diagnosis and treatment of animals suffering from sickness or injury and which hospital is further approved under this chapter as proper to be entrusted with the custody and use of regulated drugs which may be used only by veterinarians in their professional practice at that hospital. (33) “Wholesaler” means a person authorized by law, when so required, to sell at wholesale drugs in this State and further has a license issued to the person under this chapter to supply others than consumers with drugs or preparations containing a regulated drug that the person has not produced or prepared. (34) “Deliver” means the actual, constructive, or attempted transfer or prescription of a regulated drug, whether or not there exists an agency relationship. (35) “Cocaine” means coca leaves except coca leaves and extracts of coca leaves from which cocaine, ecgonine, and derivatives of ecgonine or their salts have been removed; cocaine, its salts, optical and geometric isomers, and salts of isomers; ecgonine, its derivatives, their salts, isomers, and salts of isomers; or any compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of any of the substances referred to in this subdivision. (36) “Heroin” includes every substance not chemically or physically distinguishable from it and preparations containing heroin or its derivatives, by whatever name identified and whether produced directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of vegetable origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis, as designated by the Department of Health by rule. (37) “Lysergic acid diethylamide” includes any salts or derivatives or compounds of any preparations or mixtures of lysergic acid diethylamide or any preparation, mixture, or compound containing any lysergic acid diethylamide. (38) “Ecstasy” means 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, including its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers. (39) “Methamphetamine” includes any quantity of the substance, its salt, isomers, salts of isomers, optical isomers, and salts of its optical isomers. (40) [Repealed.] (41) “Prescription drug” means any human drug required by federal law or regulation to be dispensed only by a prescription, including finished dosage forms and active ingredients subject to Section 503(b) of the federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. (42) “Ultimate user” means a patient who uses a prescription drug. (43) “Immature cannabis plant” means a female cannabis plant that has not flowered and that does not have buds that may be observed by visual examination. (44) “Mature cannabis plant” means a female cannabis plant that has flowered and that has buds that may be observed by visual examination. (45) “Approved drug-checking service provider” means a provider who complies with operating guidelines developed by the Department of Health pursuant to section 4240a of this title. (46) “Benchmark unlawful dosage” means the maximum recommended therapeutic dose, or maximum daily dose, as determined by the Department by rule. (47) “Drug-checking” means the testing of a substance to determine its chemical composition or assist in determining whether the substance contains contaminants, toxic substances, or hazardous compounds. (48) “Fentanyl” means any quantity of fentanyl, including any compound, mixture, or preparation including salts, isomers, or salts of isomers containing fentanyl. “Fentanyl” also means fentanyl-related substances as defined in rules adopted by the Department of Health pursuant to section 4202 of this title. (49) “Xylazine” means any compound, mixture, or preparation including salts, isomers, or salts of isomers containing N-(2,6- dimethylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-amine. (Added 1967, No. 343 (Adj. Sess.)
970ec5dde0a90c176 V.S.A. Sec. 562. Definitions. As used in this chapter: (1) "Agency" means the Agency of Agriculture, Food and Markets. (2)(A) "Grow" means: (i) planting, cultivating, harvesting, or drying of hemp; and (ii) selling, storing, and transporting hemp grown by a grower. (B) "Grow" may be used interchangeably with the word "produce." (3) "Grower" means a person who is registered with the Agency to produce hemp crops. (4)(A) "Hemp products" or "hemp-infused products" means all products with the federally defined tetrahydrocannabinol concentration level for hemp derived from, or made by, processing hemp plants or plant parts, which are prepared in a form available for commercial sale, including cosmetics, personal care products, food intended for animal or human consumption, cloth, cordage, fiber, fuel, paint, paper, construction materials, plastics, and any product containing one or more hemp-derived cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol. (B) Notwithstanding subdivision (A) of this subdivision (4), "hemp products" and "hemp-infused products" do not include any substance, manufacturing intermediary, or product that: (i) is prohibited or deemed a regulated cannabis product by administrative rule of the Cannabis Control Board; or (ii) contains more than 0.3 percent total tetrahydrocannabinol on a dry-weight basis. (C) A hemp-derived product or substance that is excluded from the definition of "hemp products" or "hemp-infused products" pursuant to subdivision (B) of this subdivision (4) shall be considered a cannabis product as defined by 7 V.S.A. Sec. 831(3); provided, however, that a person duly licensed or registered by the Cannabis Control Board lawfully may possess such products in conformity with the person's license or hemp processor registration. (5) "Hemp" means the plant Cannabis sativa L. and any part of the plant, including the seeds and all derivatives, extracts, cannabinoids, acids, salts, isomers, and salts of isomers, whether growing or not, with the federally defined tetrahydrocannabinol concentration level of hemp. "Hemp" shall be considered an agricultural commodity. (6) "Process" means the storing, drying, trimming, handling, compounding, or converting of a hemp crop by a processor for a single grower or multiple growers into hemp products or hemp-infused products. "Process" includes transporting, aggregating, packaging hemp from a single grower or multiple growers, or manufacturing hemp products or hemp-infused products from hemp concentrate. (7) "Processor" means a person who is registered with the Agency to process hemp crops. A retail establishment selling hemp products or hemp-infused products is not a processor. (8) "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture, Food and Markets.
cb3eaafd1c93f156§ 1010. Internet sales (a) As used in this section: (1) “Cigarette” has the same meaning as in 32 V.S.A. § 7702(1). (2) [Repealed.] (3) “Licensed wholesale dealer” has the same meaning as in 32 V.S.A. § 7702(5). (4) “Little cigars” has the same meaning as in 32 V.S.A. § 7702(6). (5) “Retail dealer” has the same meaning as in 32 V.S.A. § 7702(10). (6) “Roll-your-own tobacco” has the same meaning as in 32 V.S.A. § 7702(11). (7) “Snuff” has the same meaning as in 32 V.S.A. § 7702(13). (b) No person shall cause cigarettes, roll-your-own tobacco, little cigars, snuff, tobacco substitutes, substances containing nicotine or otherwise intended for use with a tobacco substitute, or tobacco paraphernalia, ordered or purchased by mail or through a computer network, telephonic network, or other electronic network, to be shipped to anyone other than a licensed wholesale dealer or retail dealer in this State. (c) No person shall, with knowledge or reason to know of the violation, provide substantial assistance to a person in violation of this section. (d) A violation of this section is punishable as follows: (1) A knowing or intentional violation of this section shall be punishable by imprisonment for not more than five years or a fine of not more than $5,000.00, or both. (2) In addition to or in lieu of any other civil or criminal remedy provided by law, upon a determination that a person has violated this section, the Attorney General may impose a civil penalty in an amount not to exceed $5,000.00 for each violation. For purposes of this subsection, each shipment or transport of cigarettes, roll-your-own tobacco, little cigars, or snuff shall constitute a separate violation. (3) The Attorney General may seek an injunction to restrain a threatened or actual violation of this section. (4) In any action brought pursuant to this section, the State shall be entitled to recover the costs of investigation, of expert witness fees, and of the action, and reasonable attorney’s fees. (5) A person who violates this section engages in an unfair and deceptive trade practice in violation of the State’s Consumer Protection Act, 9 V.S.A. §§ 2451 et seq. (6) If a court determines that a person has violated the provisions of this section, the court shall order any profits, gain, gross receipts, or other benefit from the violation to be disgorged and paid to the State Treasurer for deposit in the General Fund. (7) Unless otherwise expressly provided, the penalties or remedies, or both, under this section are in addition to any other penalties and remedies available under any other law of this State. (Added 2007, No. 119 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; amended 2011, No. 109 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. May 8, 2012; 2011, No. 136 (Adj. Sess.), § 1b; 2013, No. 14, § 7; 2017, No. 83, § 140; 2019, No. 22, § 2.)
e3e67c94627e49b9[CCB testimony, April 8, 2026:] [Under 7 V.S.A. 862 (Act 158, 2022), a hemp product is prohibited if it] "contains total tetrahydrocannabinol in a concentration exceeding 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis" [or more than 1.5 mg THC per serving or more than 10 mg total THC per package, the package limit not applying if the CBD-to-THC ratio is] "at least 20:1." [Rules] "Promulgated as final rules effective October 21, 2023." [Statute text not fetched; Board testimony summarized.]
f09404d214cdc4c2In Vermont, State law provides that all Cannabis sativa L. products that exceed State quantitative limits, or that are marketed for intoxicating effect, are 'cannabis products,' not 'hemp products.' See CCB Rule 2.17 (defining prohibited hemp products) & 6 V.S.A. Sec. 562 (designating prohibited hemp products as 'cannabis'). A product is 'cannabis' if it has any one of the following characteristics: Contains more than 0.3% THC on a dry weight basis. Potency is assessed as total theoretical THC, including all isomers of the molecule. Contains more than 1.5mg/serving. The CCB applies FDA serving references; a purveyor may not nullify the limit by assigning improbable serving sizes. Contains more than 10mg/package. Exception is made if the CBD:THC ratio is greater than 20:1. Contains beverage alcohol. A product is no longer a hemp product if it contains beverage alcohol, either as packaged or as served at a bar or restaurant. Has the dominant market appeal of mimicking the intoxicating effects of THC. The market-appeal prohibition is based on the impression a reasonable consumer would have based on the totality of a product's characteristics, marketing, and packaging. It applies even if total THC is less than 0.3%. Some nominal hemp purveyors assert that their cannabis products are hemp if the THCA they contain has not yet been decarboxylated from its acid form by exposure to heat. This distinction lacks a difference and is legally wrong. Vermont follows the practice of federal agencies, computing potency based on total theoretical THC, as follows: Total theoretical THC = ([delta 9 THC]+([THCA]*0.877)). Synthetic Cannabinoids are Categorically Prohibited. See CCB Rule 2.17. CB1 and CB2 Receptor Agonists are Controlled Drugs. Vermont's Regulated Drug Rule designates as controlled 'synthetic cannabinoids' and 'cannabinimimetics,' including all CB1 and CB2 receptor agonists and their salts, isomers, derivatives, or analogs. These products may be lawfully possessed only as CCB-registered cannabis products.
f09404d214cdc4c2In Vermont, State law provides that all Cannabis sativa L. products that exceed State quantitative limits, or that are marketed for intoxicating effect, are 'cannabis products,' not 'hemp products.' See CCB Rule 2.17 (defining prohibited hemp products) & 6 V.S.A. Sec. 562 (designating prohibited hemp products as 'cannabis'). A product is 'cannabis' if it has any one of the following characteristics: Contains more than 0.3% THC on a dry weight basis. Potency is assessed as total theoretical THC, including all isomers of the molecule. Contains more than 1.5mg/serving. The CCB applies FDA serving references; a purveyor may not nullify the limit by assigning improbable serving sizes. Contains more than 10mg/package. Exception is made if the CBD:THC ratio is greater than 20:1. Contains beverage alcohol. A product is no longer a hemp product if it contains beverage alcohol, either as packaged or as served at a bar or restaurant. Has the dominant market appeal of mimicking the intoxicating effects of THC. The market-appeal prohibition is based on the impression a reasonable consumer would have based on the totality of a product's characteristics, marketing, and packaging. It applies even if total THC is less than 0.3%. Some nominal hemp purveyors assert that their cannabis products are hemp if the THCA they contain has not yet been decarboxylated from its acid form by exposure to heat. This distinction lacks a difference and is legally wrong. Vermont follows the practice of federal agencies, computing potency based on total theoretical THC, as follows: Total theoretical THC = ([delta 9 THC]+([THCA]*0.877)). Synthetic Cannabinoids are Categorically Prohibited. See CCB Rule 2.17. CB1 and CB2 Receptor Agonists are Controlled Drugs. Vermont's Regulated Drug Rule designates as controlled 'synthetic cannabinoids' and 'cannabinimimetics,' including all CB1 and CB2 receptor agonists and their salts, isomers, derivatives, or analogs. These products may be lawfully possessed only as CCB-registered cannabis products.
b6dcd01b1987a8eeVermont Dept. of Health Regulated Drug Rule (Code Vt. R. 13-140-011), Sec. 7.0 (Hallucinogenic Drugs...), effective 7/15/2019 - listed entry (bare named substance, no isomer/salt tail): "Mitragynine" (For contrast the metabolite is listed with full chemical name: "7-hydroxymitragynine; (aE,2S,3S,7aS,12bS)-3-Ethyl-1,2,3,4,6,7,7a,12b-octahydro-7a-hydroxy-8-methoxy-a-(methoxymethylene)indolo[2,3-a]quinolizine-2-acetic acid methyl ester.") "Hallucinogenic Drug" class (Rule Sec. 3.7 / 18 V.S.A. 4201(10)) - NO isomer clause: "\"Hallucinogenic Drug\" means stramonium, mescaline or peyote, lysergic acid diethylamide, and psilocybin, and all synthetic equivalents of chemicals contained in resinous extractives of Cannabis sativa, or any salts or derivatives or compounds of any preparations or mixtures thereof, and any other substance which is designated as habit-forming or as having a serious potential for abuse..." 18 V.S.A. 4201 isomer clauses attach only to specifically enumerated drugs and are optical/geometric (e.g., cocaine "its salts, optical and geometric isomers, and salts of isomers"). Vermont has no diastereomer/stereoisomer catch-all.
011afd53c5b60e2b**Named entry** — "4-HO-MET; 3-(2-(ethyl(methyl)amino)ethyl)-1H-indol-4-ol"
— Vermont Regulated Drug Rule (Dept. of Health), Chapter 8 Subchapter 9, § 7.0 ("Hallucinogenic Drugs; Synthetic Cannabinoids; Tryptamines; Cannabimimetics; Mescaline Analogs; Dissociatives"), p. 20. https://www.healthvermont.gov/sites/default/files/documents/pdf/REG_regulated-drugs.pdf (OFFICIAL — Vermont Department of Health).
**Enabling authority** — "This rule is established under the authority of 18 V.S.A. §§ 4201 and 4202 which authorizes the Vermont Board of Health to designate regulated drugs for the protection of public health and safety."
— same PDF, § 1.0.dd18e4f4abf49a557.0 Hallucinogenic Drugs; Synthetic Cannabinoids; Tryptamines; Cannabinimimetics; Mescaline Analogs; Dissociatives; Trade or Chemical Name 5-MAPB; 5-(2-Methylaminopropyl) Benzofuran
Compound Laws, published by Compound Analytics, reports the record: statutes verbatim, official citations, enforcement facts and verification dates. Nothing here is legal advice and nothing here describes how to get around a law. A jurisdiction with no verified row is reported as not yet verified, never as legal. Found an error? Corrections policy.
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